Emily Neumeier
University of Pennsylvania
The Liberation of Manisa (ca. 1960) by Cemal Tollu serves as a case study for
investigating the attitudes towards citing and assimilating European painting in Turkey’s
art historical discourse. Tollu’s painting commemorates an event that took place during
the Turkish War of Independence, yet it also makes visual references to works with their
own history and geography, particularly the landscapes of Paul Cézanne and Eugène
Delacroix’s Massacres of Chios.
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