Gunpowder, a volatile and explosive substance composed of saltpeter, charcoal, and sulfur, has played a significant role in shaping history. However, its storage and handling have often resulted in catastrophic accidents. One of the most devastating gunpowder related accidents occurred in Beijing in the early 17th century. The explosion that resulted has been ranked as one of the biggest in history.
The incident occurred at the Wanggongchang Armory, which was one of several arms depot situated within the capital. Administered by the Ministry of Works, these depots were responsible for both the production of gunpowder and the storage of armor, firearms, bows, and ammunition. These armories held great significance for Beijing's security and the preparedness of Ming China's defense forces. This is why they were strategically placed within the heart of the capital, shielded by its formidable and robust walls. Unfortunately, this was also the area where a majority of the population resided. It didn't take long for the tragic consequences of establishing an explosives manufacturing facility in a residential vicinity to become evident.
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Source: amusingplanet.com